Board of Directors

Responsibilities

Pursuant to the Dutch Civil Code (DCC), our Board of Directors is collectively responsible for our general affairs. Our Board of Directors, our executive director as well as our non-executive directors, define our strategy (as further set out in section “Strategy and objectives”). Our strategy is regularly discussed and monitored at our Board of Directors meetings.

The Board recognizes the critical importance of robust ESG practices for sustainable business operations and long-term value creation. Accordingly, the Board is committed to ensuring comprehensive ESG reporting and oversight. This includes the responsibility to develop and implement effective ESG strategies, oversee the integration of ESG considerations into corporate decision-making and ensure transparent and accurate disclosure of ESG performance to stakeholders. The Board regularly reviews and assesses the Company’s ESG-related risks and opportunities, ensuring alignment with legal requirements, industry standards and stakeholder expectations. In fulfilling this role, the Board engages with relevant internal and external stakeholders to inform its strategies and decisions, fostering a culture of ESG excellence throughout the organization.

Pursuant to our Articles of Association, our Board of Directors will divide its duties among its members, with our day-to-day management entrusted to the executive director(s). The non-executive directors are tasked with supervising our management and advising the executive director(s). In addition, both the executive director(s) and the non-executive directors must perform the duties assigned to them pursuant to the Articles of Association. The division of tasks within our Board of Directors is determined (and amended, if necessary) by our Board of Directors. Our executive director(s) may not (i) serve as chairperson of our Board of Directors; (ii) determine the remuneration of an executive director or (iii) nominate directors for appointment.

Each director has a duty to properly perform the duties assigned to him or her and to act in our corporate interest. Under Dutch law, the corporate interest extends to the interests of all corporate stakeholders, such as shareholders, creditors, employees and other stakeholders.

Composition, Appointment and Dismissal

The Articles of Association provide that our Board of Directors will consist of our executive director(s) and non-executive directors. The number of executive directors must at all times be less than the number of non-executive directors. The number of directors, as well as the number of executive directors and non-executive directors, is determined by our Board of Directors, provided that the Board of Directors must consist of at least three members.

Our directors are appointed by the shareholders at a General Meeting for a period of four years as either executive directors or as non-executive directors. In accordance with best practice provision 2.2.1 of the DCGC, executive directors may be reappointed for periods not more than four years at a time. In accordance with best practice provision 2.2.2 of the DCGC, non-executive directors may be reappointed once for a period of four years , after which the non-executive director may be reappointed again for a period of two years, which reappointment may be extended by at most two years. In the event of a reappointment after an eight-year period, reasons will be given in the report of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors is required to make one or more proposals for each seat on our Board of Directors to be filled. A resolution to nominate a director by our Board of Directors (with support from the remuneration and nomination committee) may be adopted by a simple majority of the votes cast. A nomination for appointment of an executive director must state the candidate’s age and the positions he or she holds, or has held, insofar as these are relevant for the performance of the duties of an executive director. The nomination must state the reasons for the nomination of the relevant person. A nomination for appointment of a non-executive director must state the candidate’s age, his or her profession, the number of shares he or she holds and the employment positions he or she holds, or has held, insofar as these are relevant for the performance of the duties of a non-executive director. Furthermore, the names of the legal entities of which he or she is already a supervisory board member or a non-executive member of the board shall be indicated; if those include legal entities which belong to the same group, a reference to that group will be sufficient. The nomination must state the reasons for the nomination of the relevant person.

Our Board of Directors designates one executive director as CEO. In addition, the Board of Directors may grant other titles to executive directors. Our Board of Directors also designates a non-executive director as chairperson of the Board of Directors and a non-executive director as vice chairperson of the Board of Directors. The legal relationship between an executive member of the Board of Directors and argenx will not be considered as an employment agreement. Employment agreements between an executive director and a Group company (other than argenx SE) are permitted. In the absence of an employment agreement, members of a board of directors generally do not enjoy the same protection as employees under Dutch labor law.

For a discussion of date of expiration of the current term of office and the period during which the person has served in that office, see section “Non-Executive Directors” and section “Senior Management”.

Except for the arrangements described in section “Related Party Transactions”, subsection “Agreements with Our Senior Management”, there are no arrangements or understanding between us and any of the executive directors providing for benefits upon termination of their employment, other than as required by applicable law. In addition, the contracts between us and our non-executive directors do not provide for any benefits upon termination.

As a foreign private issuer, under the listing requirements and rules of Nasdaq, we are not required to have a majority independent directors on our Board of Directors, except that our audit and compliance committee is required to consist fully of independent directors. However, our Board of Directors has determined that, taking into account any applicable committee independence standards, all of our non-executive directors, including the members of our audit and compliance committee, are “independent directors” under Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act and the applicable rules of Nasdaq and of the DCGC. In making such determination, our Board of Directors considered the relationships that each non-executive director has with us and all other facts and circumstances our Board of Directors deemed relevant in determining the director’s independence, including the number of ordinary shares beneficially owned by the director and his or her affiliated entities (if any).

The DCGC requires that the composition of non-executive directors is such that the members are able to operate independently and critically vis-à-vis one another, the executive directors, and any particular interests involved. As of the date of this Annual Report, all non-executive directors meet the independence criteria contained in the DCGC. Therefore, in the opinion of the non-executive directors, the composition of our non-executive directors complies with the independence requirements of best practice provisions 2.1.7 to 2.1.9 of the DCGC. Our Board of Directors has consequently also determined that all members of our committees are independent under the applicable rules of the DCGC.

As of the date of this Annual Report (or in any period before), none of the members of our Board of Directors and senior management has or has had a family relationship with any other member of our Board of Directors or senior management.

Directors may be suspended or removed by the shareholders at a General Meeting at any time, with or without cause, by means of a resolution passed by a simple majority of the votes cast. Pursuant to the DCC, executive directors may also be suspended by the board of directors. A suspension of an executive director by the board of directors may be discontinued by the shareholders at any time at a General Meeting.

Diversity

We value diversity among our colleagues as an integral component in building a sustainable growth platform and believe that a diverse workforce enhances our overall performance and success. We take pride in creating and sustaining a culture and environment where each of us can excel. We bring together people with diverse backgrounds experiences and functional expertise. By doing so, we broaden the scope of ideas and creativity essential to developing and delivering innovative therapies to patients. Acknowledging and benefiting from different perspectives promotes diversity of thought and empowers innovation. It also contributes to our commitment to improve the quality of lives of patients, wherefore we need teams with a healthy mix of contrasting perspectives and backgrounds that reflect the diverse communities we serve. We recognize that our people are our greatest strength. Fostering an inclusive work environment where everyone feels safe and encouraged to contribute leads to better work outcomes and supports high levels of employee commitment and retention. We aspire to be a consciously global company. Our success is built on, and dependent on true collaboration in cross-functional and often cross-regional teams in which open communication is encouraged and safeguarded. Everyone has a voice and is encouraged to contribute to the benefit of our common goals, irrespective of race, ethnicity, age, gender or cultural background. Good ideas as well as real concerns are taken seriously, regardless of who brings them forward.

We aim to foster an inclusive work environment in support of our strategic plan and priorities. We continue to raise the bar in this regard, and to commit to measures and goals designed to support our maturing company culture. We have set ourselves the goal of gender balance across all levels at argenx, including our Board of Directors.

In 2022, we adopted our current diversity, equity and inclusion policy, which sets out the basis for our inclusion, equity and diversity management throughout our organization in a way that we believe best supports our business objectives and our people. We monitor and annually report on relevant diversity, equity and inclusion metrics, initiatives and developments in this Annual Report and in our ESG reports, of which an updated version will be published on or around the date of this Annual Report.

Our policy is that we aim to balance our Board of Directors and senior management team in terms of gender, age, background, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, experience and nationality as much as reasonably possible while still having our Board of Directors and senior management team composed of the best possible candidates overall. It has been and will remain our priority to have the best available specialists on our Board of Directors and in our senior management team, who make a balanced panel of directors and managers able to advise and guide argenx to further growth and success for all its stakeholders. This means we require a number of specialties and character traits to be present. We will seek to further improve diversity on our Board of Directors if and when proposing new appointments to our Board of Directors, whilst recognizing that, considering the specialist nature of our business, aspects other than diversity are relevant as well for the ultimate decision to select a board member.

Our plan of action to achieve our goal of gender balance includes a number of recruitment and development-related initiatives to promote balanced and diversified candidate pools as well as diversity amongst persons receiving promotion and development opportunities. We value our fair, inclusive recruitment process, which is standardized across the organization and focuses on pre-identified ‘what counts’ factors. The process involves a diverse group of colleagues from across the organization, who are provided with training to recognize existing biases. Recruitment decisions are based on a group evaluation of available candidates, to encourage different perspectives. Our onboarding program is designed to promote inclusion by building a strong social fabric across teams, functions and geographic locations. Once hired, employees are encouraged to participate in a personal development program aimed at building on their individual strengths to benefit the broader team and taking into account their individual career aspirations. We offer opportunities for promotion, training and career development solely based on job-related, appropriate criteria such as skills, competencies, experience, aptitude and enthusiasm and giving account to each individual’s experience, ambitions and capabilities.

We will continue to implement our diversity, equity and inclusion policy by seeking new ways to improve and support diversity, equity and inclusion at the Company. We from time to time report on specific initiatives taken with respect to our diversity, equity and inclusion policy in our annual ESG report, of which an updated version will be published on or around the same date as this Annual Report.

In accordance with Dutch legislation, we report annually to the Social Economic Council (Sociaal-Economische Raad) whether or not we have complied with our diversity goals, and if we have not, the reasons for this.

As at December 31, 2023, our Board of Directors consisted of nine directors, including one executive director and eight non-executive directors. Of the directors who chose to disclose their gender, the Board of Directors contained five male directors and three female directors (non-executive directors), translating into a 55.55% male/33^1/3% female balance for our full Board of Directors (compared to five males and three females (non-executive directors) (55.55%/33^1/3%) as of December 31, 2022) and a 62.5% male/37.5% female balance for our non-executive directors (compared to 62.5% male/37.5% female as of December 31, 2022). As at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, our Company leadership team consisted of 31 persons, comprised of a mix of 19 males and 12 females, (61%/39% respectively). Our leadership consists of all full time employees reporting directly to our CEO, as well as all (other) leaders of our largest functions and projects. Each of these positions is characterized by a high impact across the organization, leading a global and cross functional team and having a global reach. We estimate that as of December 31, 2023, 58% of our workforce were female and 42% were male (compared to 63% female and 37% male as of December 31, 2022).

Board Diversity Matrix (as of the date of this Annual Report)

Meetings and decision-making

Our Board By-Laws, that describe, inter alia, the procedure for holding meetings of the Board of Directors, for the decision-making by the Board of Directors and the Board of Directors’ operating procedures.

In accordance with our Articles of Association, our Board of Directors meets at least once every three months to discuss the state of affairs within the Company and the expected developments.

Under our Board By-Laws, the members of our Board of Directors must endeavor, insofar as is possible, to ensure that resolutions are adopted unanimously. Where unanimity cannot be achieved and Dutch law, the Articles of Association or the Board By-Laws do not prescribe a larger majority, all resolutions of our Board of Directors must be adopted by a simple majority of the votes cast in a meeting at which at least a majority of the members of our Board of Directors then in office are present or represented. The Articles of Association provide that in case of a tie of votes, the chairperson does not have a casting vote and as such the proposal will be rejected in case of a tie.

Under the Board By-Laws, some specific matters require approval of the majority of the non-executive directors. These matters are set out in Schedule 1 of our Board By-Laws. Our Board By-Laws are available on our website. The non-executive directors may also determine that certain other matters shall require approval of a certain majority of the non-executive directors. Such matters shall be clearly specified and notified to the executive director(s) in writing.

Resolutions of the Board of Directors may also be adopted outside of a meeting in writing, provided that all directors in office (in respect of whom no conflict of interest exists as referred to in the Articles of Association) have consented in writing to this manner of decision-making. A director may issue a proxy for a specific Board of Directors meeting to another director in writing.

A director having a direct or indirect personal interest that conflicts with the interest of the Company and its affiliated enterprise has a conflict of interest. Each director shall inform all other directors of a conflict of interest without delay. A director shall not participate in the deliberations and decision-making process in relation to an item if he has a conflict of interest with respect thereto. In such case, the other directors shall resolve the item. In case because of this no resolution can be adopted by the executive directors, the non-executive directors will resolve on the matter. In case because of this no resolution can be adopted by the non-executive directors, the Board of Directors will resolve on the matter as if there were no conflict of interest.

The executive director(s) are required to be asked their vision on their own remuneration in accordance with best practice provision 3.2.2 but may not participate in the adoption of resolutions (including any deliberations in respect of such resolutions) relating to their remuneration.

Committees

In accordance with the DCGC, our non-executive directors can set up specialized committees to analyze specific issues and advise the non-executive directors on those issues and prepare resolutions with respect thereto.

The committees are advisory bodies only, and the decision-making remains within the collegial responsibility of the Board of Directors. The non-executive directors determine the terms of reference of each committee with respect to the organization, procedures, policies and activities of the committee.

Our non-executive directors have established and appointed (i) an audit and compliance committee; and (ii) a remuneration and nomination committee.

The composition and function of these committees complies with all applicable requirements of Euronext Brussels, the DCGC, the Exchange Act, the exchange on which the ordinary shares and the ADSs are listed and U.S. SEC rules and regulations.

Only non-executive directors qualify for membership of these committees. The audit and compliance committee and the remuneration and nomination committee may not be chaired by the chairperson of the Board of Directors or by a former executive director of the Company.

In addition to the aforementioned legally required subcommittees, our Board of Directors may also opt to incorporate informal committees consisting of non-executive directors and other internal and external persons in argenx, in order to facilitate discussions and act as a sounding board on specific projects, as well as on a more permanent basis. Our Board of Directors has incorporated a research and development committee and a commercialization committee.

Audit and Compliance Committee

Our audit and compliance committee consists of four members: Steve Krognes (chairperson), effective February 27, 2023, Peter K. M. Verhaeghe, Anthony A. Rosenberg and James M. Daly. Mr. Lanthaler was a committee member and chairperson until February 27, 2023.

Our Board of Directors previously established that Mr. Verhaeghe, Mr. Rosenberg, Mr. Daly, Mr. Krognes satisfy the independence requirements set forth in Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act and that both Mr. Lanthaler (up until his resignation effective February 27, 2023) and Mr. Krognes qualify as “audit committee financial experts” as defined by SEC rules and Article 39 paragraph 1 of Directive 2014/56/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of April 16, 2014 amending Directive 2006/43/EC on statutory audits of annual accounts and consolidated accounts and has the requisite financial sophistication under the applicable Nasdaq rules and regulations. Further, our Board of Directors established that the composition of the audit and compliance committee meets the requirements under the Dutch Decree on Establishing Audit Committees.

Our audit and compliance committee assists our Board of Directors in overseeing the accuracy and integrity of our accounting and financial reporting processes and audits and reviews of our consolidated financial statements as well as non-financial statements (including ESG reporting), the implementation and effectiveness of an internal control system and our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, the independent auditors’ qualifications and independence and the performance of the independent auditors. Our audit and compliance committee is also responsible for monitoring the status of, and compliance with, our global ethics and compliance program and meets with the head of our ethics and compliance function at least quarterly to discuss the status and overall effectiveness of the program as well as any issues or incidents that occurred and remedial actions needed (if applicable). The committee furthermore oversees climate-related risks and supervises the status of the Company’s cybersecurity program and regularly (at least quarterly) discusses the status thereof with our senior management team.

Our audit and compliance committee is governed by a charter that complies with the listing rules of the Nasdaq Global Market (the Nasdaq Listing Rules) and the DCGC and is publicly available on our website. It is responsible for, among other things, establishing methods and procedures for supervising, and where necessary requiring improvements of, our financial reporting, risk management, ethics and compliance and organization for the purpose of making appropriate recommendations to our Board of Directors in that regard.

Our audit and compliance committee meets as often as is required for its proper functioning, but at least four times a year and at least once a year meets separately with our independent auditor. See section “Report Audit and Compliance Committee” for an overview of the number of meetings and attendance rates.

Our audit and compliance committee reports regularly to our Board of Directors on the exercise of its functions. It informs our Board of Directors about all areas in which action or improvement is necessary in its opinion and produces recommendations concerning the necessary steps or resolutions that need to be taken. The audit review and the reporting on that review cover us and our subsidiaries as a whole. The members of the audit and compliance committee are entitled to receive all information which they need for the performance of their function, from our Board of Directors and employees. Every member of the audit and compliance committee shall exercise this right in consultation with the chairperson of the audit and compliance committee.

Remuneration and Nomination Committee

We have established a remuneration and nomination committee, which serves as both the remuneration committee and selection and appointment committee as prescribed by the DCGC. Our remuneration and nomination committee currently consists of three members: J. Donald deBethizy (chairperson), Peter K. M. Verhaeghe and Ana Cespedes.

Our remuneration and nomination committee is responsible for, among other things:

• regularly reviewing the remuneration policy and practices in light of all relevant circumstances and benchmarks, and recommending to the non-executive directors the remuneration of the individual executive directors;
• advising our Board of Directors in respect of the remuneration for the non-executive directors;
• preparing the remuneration report to be included in our annual report;
• drawing up selection criteria and appointment procedures for directors and making proposals for appointment and re-appointment of the directors;
• periodically assessing the size and composition of our Board of Directors and making a proposal for a composition profile of the non-executive directors;
• periodically assessing the diversity (including gender diversity) on our Board of Directors and leadership teams, and taking into account any gaps between our then current diversity metrics and the goals specified in our diversity, equity and inclusion policy when making recommendations to the Board of Directors;
• periodically assessing the functioning of individual directors and reporting on this to the non-executive directors; and
• supervising the policy of the executive directors on the selection criteria and appointment procedures for senior management.

In addition, our remuneration and nomination committee takes into account ESG when performing its duties, making sure that (i) ESG performance metrics are incorporated in the remuneration, (ii) ESG qualifications, experience, and expertise are taken into account in the director and executive nomination process, (iii) a culture of awareness and accountability for non-financial performance metrics is promoted, (iv) a diverse, equitable, and inclusive work environment is fostered, (v) our ESG reporting is in line with applicable regulatory requirements and industry best practices in these specific areas, and (vi) we maintain constructive dialogue with key stakeholders on ESG matters.

The remuneration and nomination committee consists of at least three members. The remuneration and nomination committee meets as often as is required for its proper functioning, but at least once per year to evaluate its functioning. Please refer to section “Report Remuneration and Nomination Committee” for an overview of the number of meetings and attendance rates.

Informal subcommittees

Research and development committee

The research and development committee consists of members of our Board of Directors and other persons, which composition may vary from time to time. Currently, the research and development committee consists of two members who are also members of our Board of Directors: J. Donald deBethizy and Pamela Klein. Non-board member advisors of the research and development committee include David Lacey, Hans de Haard and Wim Parys. Ad-hoc participants to the committee meetings include a variety of employees and/or external advisors, depending on the needs of the committee and the topics under discussion.

The research and development committee is responsible for, among other things:

• monitoring and overseeing our research and development goals, strategies and measures;
• serving as a sounding board to our research and development management, general management and Board of Directors;
• performing strategic reviews of our key research and development programs;
• reporting to our Board of Directors on the outcome of the strategic reviews;
• reviewing our scientific publication and communications plan;
• evaluating and challenging the effectiveness and competitiveness of our research and development endeavors;
• reviewing and discussing emerging scientific trends and activities critical to the success of our research and development;
• reviewing our clinical and preclinical product pipeline; and
• engaging in attracting, retaining and developing our senior research and development personnel.

The research and development committee also pays specific attention to ESG duties when performing its duties. Amongst others, it help ensure that we meet our commitment to ensuring animal testing is carried out only when necessary and when no alternative methods are reasonably available and that we have policies and procedures in place to support high standards of animal welfare, minimizing pain and distress to research animals. Furthermore, it ensures a transparent reporting on animal testing practices and in R&D practices and helps ensure the prioritization of safety, dignity, and rights of clinical trial participants that informed consent is obtained in a transparent and ethically sound manner.

All members of the research and development committee shall have adequate industrial, academic and/or practical experience with the research and development of biopharmaceuticals.

One purpose of our research and development committee is to engage in discussion with our research and development personnel, and the committee’s responsibilities to carry out this purpose include, among others: monitoring the research and development activities, performing strategic reviews of the key research and development programs and reviewing the scientific publication plan, all with the intent to support our innovation mission.

Our research and development committee meets as often as is required for its proper functioning, but typically meets at least once prior to each meeting of our Board of Directors and reports regularly to our Board of Directors on the outcome of its deliberations, including any recommendations to the Board of Directors or the senior management team. The chairperson of our research and development committee reports to our Board of Directors on the research and development committee’s discussions and strategic advice after each meeting on all matters within its duties and responsibilities. Please refer to section “Report Research and Development Committee” for an overview of the number of meetings and attendance rates.

Commercialization committee

Our commercialization committee consists of members of our Board of Directors and other persons, which composition may vary from time to time. As of the date of this Annual Report, the commercialization committee consists of three permanent members: James M. Daly (chairperson), Anthony A. Rosenberg and Camilla Sylvest. Keith Woods serves as a non-board member advisor of the committee.

The commercialization committee is responsible for, among other things:

• reviewing and guiding the global sales and marketing strategy to ensure optimal product uptake and sustained growth and promoting innovation within commercialization efforts;
• overseeing the global product launch strategy and supervising all stages of product lifecycle;
• reviewing our partnerships and collaborations;
• reviewing and guiding the Company’s global medical affairs strategy;
• identifying and advising on potential risks associated with commercialization strategies and ensuring commercial strategies adhere to regulatory obligations;
• reviewing the ESG reporting on the topics which are relevant to the activities of the committee and providing comments thereto; and
• reporting to our Board of Directors on the outcome of the strategic reviews.

The non-executive directors shall appoint and dismiss the members of the commercialization committee. All members of the commercialization committee shall have adequate industrial, academic and/or practical experience with the commercialization of (bio)pharmaceuticals.

Our commercialization committee meets as often as is required for its proper functioning and in practice meets at least once per quarter. The commercialization committee reports regularly to our Board of Directors on the outcome of its strategic reviews and any recommendations to the Board of Directors or senior management team. Please refer to section “Report Commercialization Committee” for an overview of the number of meetings and attendance rates.